The subject of the nature and origins of ultra-luminous X-ray sources (ULXs) remains at the frontier of modern research. Existing data allows to fit a…
It is suggested that two distinct Population III classes may have existed: population III.1 and population III.2. The former, consisting of stars of ∼ 100M⊙,…
I would like to discuss Jupiter’s energy balance, in particular the excess heat radiated by it to space and the amount of Kevin–Helmholtz contraction required…
The aims of this project are as following: Reduce multi-band (BVR) CCD data of the M 51, M 63, M 106 (NGC 4258) and NGC…
Following (Zwicky 1937) we start with the virial theorem that relates the average kinetic energy ⟨K⟩ to the average gravitational potential energy ⟨U⟩ of bodies in…
It is known that star formation occurs in regions where dense molecular clouds undergo gravitational collapse. While observations of cold dusty disks and envelopes require…
Galaxies are enormous conglomerations of stars and interstellar material. The qualifying morphological properties of these objects, however, remain flexible due to two principal factors: continuity…